Evidence #424 | October 11, 2023

Book of Mormon Evidence: Title Page Structure

Post contributed by

 

Scripture Central

Abstract

The Title Page of the Book of Mormon has several sophisticated structural elements.

For several reasons, the Title Page of the Book of Mormon is an impressive document.1 This evidence summary will specifically assess its structure.2 On a general level, it seems to be divided into two main sections, which have been designated in this article as Part 1 and Part 2. Each part has a parallel introduction. Together they describe the nature of the book’s two main recordkeeping projects. These introductions are then followed by two substructures each. The entire proposal is outlined below, followed by an analysis of each section.3

Title Page Outline

Part 1

Introduction 1

An account written by the hand of Mormon upon plates, taken from the plates of Nephi. Wherefore it is an abridgment of the record of the people of Nephi, and also of the Lamanites,

 

Substructure 1

 

 

A

written to the Lamanites, which are a remnant of the house of Israel,

 

 

B

and also to Jew

 

 

 

C

and Gentile,

 

A*

written by way of commandment,

 

 

B*

and also by the spirit of prophecy

 

 

 

C*

and of revelation

Substructure 2

 

 

A

written and sealed

 

 

B

and hid up unto the Lord that they might not be destroyed,

 

 

 

C

to come forth by the gift and power of God unto the interpretation thereof,

 

A*

sealed up by the hand of Moroni,

 

 

B*

and hid up unto the Lord,

 

 

 

C*

to come forth in due time by the way of Gentile, the interpretation thereof by the gift of God

 

 

Part 2

Introduction 2

An abridgment taken from the book of Ether also, which is a record of the people of Jared, which were scattered at the time the Lord confounded the language of the people when they were building a tower to get to heaven—

 

Substructure 3

 

 

A

which is to shew unto the remnant of the house of Israel

 

 

B

how great things the Lord hath done for their fathers,

 

A*

and that they may know

 

 

B*

the covenants of the Lord, that they are not cast off forever,

Substructure 4

 

 

A

and also to the convincing of the Jew and Gentile that Jesus is the Christ,

 

 

B

the Eternal God,

 

 

 

C

manifesting himself unto all nations.

 

 

 

 

D

And now if there be fault,

 

 

 

C*

it be the mistake of men.

 

 

B*

Wherefore condemn not the things of God,

 

A*

that ye may be found spotless at the judgment seat of Christ.

Analysis of Introductions 1 and 2

Introduction 1

Introduction 2

An account written by the hand of Mormon upon plates, taken from the plates of Nephi. Wherefore it is an abridgment of the record of the people of Nephi, and also of the Lamanites,

An abridgment taken from the book of Ether also, which is a record of the people of Jared,

which were scattered at the time the Lord confounded the language of the people when they were building a tower to get to heaven

Both introductions (1) describe their recordkeeping projects as “an abridgment,” (2) specify the underlying source of the abridgment, and (3) identify the people whose history is being recorded. Because these parallel ideas/phrases don’t turn up anywhere else in the Title Page, they help establish these sections as intentionally parallel.4

Analysis of Substructure 1

A

written to the Lamanites, which are a remnant of the house of Israel,

 

B

and also to Jew

 

 

C

and Gentile,

A*

written by way of commandment,

 

B*

and also by the spirit of prophecy

 

 

C*

and of revelation

This substructure may be best explained as utilizing alternate parallel syntax to address two related issues: (1) the record’s intended audiences and (2) its revelatory provenance. The first sequence (AB) identifies three primary audiences: (1) the house of Israel, (2) Jews, and (3) Gentiles. The second sequence (A*C*) gives three indications of the text’s divine authenticity and authority, it being written by (1) way of commandment, (2) prophecy, and (3) revelation. Although the contents of these statements aren’t themselves directly parallel, the phrasing ties them together in what appears to be an intentionally formulaic sequence.

Analysis of Substructure 2

A

written and sealed

 

B

and hid up unto the Lord that they might not be destroyed,

 

 

C

to come forth by the gift and power of God unto the interpretation thereof,

A*

sealed up by the hand of Moroni,

 

B*

and hid up unto the Lord,

 

 

C*

to come forth in due time by the way of Gentile, the interpretation thereof by the gift of God

Substructure 2 is another alternate parallelism, yet in this case each section has clearly parallel content. A/A* are the only two sections which feature the key term “sealed.” Only in sections B/B* do we find the phrase “hid up unto the Lord.” And in sections C/C* we get a cluster of related phrases (“to come forth” / “by the gift … of God” / “the interpretation thereof”). The fact that these three phrases (each of which is unique in the Title Page) all come together in this single element makes their intentionality sure. Overall, this section emphasizes that the record is being preserved so that it can eventually come forth at a future day to be translated by God’s divine power.

Moroni hiding and sealing up the Book of Mormon. Image via churchofjesuschrist.org

Analysis of Substructure 3

A

which is to shew unto the remnant of the house of Israel

 

B

how great things the Lord hath done for their fathers,

A*

and that they may know

 

B*

the covenants of the Lord, that they are not cast off forever,

The proposal for Structure 3 is less somewhat certain. A and A* each discuss what will be shown to or known by the remnant of the house of Israel. Then B and B* both use the word “Lord.” Specifically, the “great things the Lord hath done” is paired with “covenants of the Lord.” While these ideas might initially seem disconnected, they are closely paired together in several other instances in the Book of Mormon. In at least one other location, they turn up as related elements in a parallel structure (see Appendix).

Analysis of Substructure 4

A

and also to the convincing of the Jew and Gentile that Jesus is the Christ,

 

B

the Eternal God,

 

 

C

manifesting himself unto all nations.

 

 

 

D

And now if there be fault,

 

 

C*

it be the mistake of men.

 

B*

Wherefore condemn not the things of God,

A*

that ye may be found spotless at the judgment seat of Christ.

The parallel elements in each of these sections is fairly straightforward. In A/A* the parallel is the name of “Christ.” These are the only two locations in the Title Page where this name is given. In B/B* the parallel is “God.” In C/C* the designation “nations” is paired with “men,” which are fairly synonymous concepts. Then in D we get a conditional statement (“And now if there be fault”) that works well as a conceptual turning point. The first portion (AC) is about the book’s ability to convince the world that Jesus is the Christ, while the second portion (C*A*) is a warning to not reject the book because of the mistakes of men.  

Christ manifests himself to the Nephites. Image via churchofjesuschrist.org. 

Title Page Structural Overview

Introductions 1 and 2 each explain the nature of the Book of Mormon’s related recordkeeping projects. Substructure 1 describes who the text was written for and assures the reader that it was written by the gift and power of God. Substructure 2 explains why the text is being sealed and hid up, anticipating a miraculous translation at some future day. Substructure 3 outlines what blessings the text will bring for the first named audience (the Lamanites). Substructure 4 then presents what blessings the text will bring to the other two designated audiences (Jews and Gentiles), with a final warning about not rejecting its contents because of the mistakes of men.    

Conclusion

While most of the substructures have obvious internally symmetrical parallels, the overall relationship between Part 1 and Part 2 is less formulaic. Introductions 1 and 2 are clearly parallel, but the rest of the substructures are not. Perhaps the best way to view them is as a series of related subunits which help answer various questions about the overall translation project. Together, they explain the source texts, audiences, divine origins, preservation, translation, and ultimate purposes for the Book of Mormon’s two major recordkeeping projects.5

Whatever the nature and intent of the overall design, the various parallel elements—as seen in the Introductions and Substructures—evince a notable degree of sophistication. The Book of Mormon’s Title Page appears to be a well-thought-out document, one worthy of the remarkable book which it so succinctly and effectively describes. As concluded by John W. Welch, “While much can still be observed about this interesting document, it is clear that the Title Page is a complicated text. While drawing on earlier passages, it is a masterwork of clarity and efficiency. It is also intricately structured and elegantly and meticulously balanced.”6

Further Reading
Appendix
Relevant Scriptures
Endnotes
Complexity

© 2024 Scripture Central: A Non-Profit Organization. All rights reserved. Registered 501(c)(3). EIN: 20-5294264